There are two types of remote controls first one is classic IR remote controls and second ones are newer bluetooth IR remote controls. Both work by transmitting the infrared signal to TV or the devicce they are control.
Its rather common for your Vizio remote to stop working. Below are few common reasons for Vizio remote troubles. Most of the times you don't need a new remote.
Try retracing your steps around the house to see if you left it somewhere else. For example, if you went to the kitchen to grab a glass of water, you might have left the remote on the counter or even placed it in the fridge.